Peyote (Lophophora williamsii) is native to the Chihuahuan Desert. They grow in partially shaded areas under shrubs and behind rocks. This protects them from the harsh desert sun. Direct sunlight can burn even mature cacti. In fact, peyote does not need much light at all to thrive. Let's take a look at some of the different lighting options that you have available when it comes to cultivating peyote at home.
Lighting for Peyote Seedlings
Peyote seedlings are very sensitive to light. Too much light can burn them, which will stunt their growth. I recommend using grow lights instead of natural sunlight for germination and the seedling stage. Grow lights are more consistent and easier to control than natural light. You won't need anything too powerful at this point. A simple T8 fluorescent fixture or LED strip light hung a foot or two away will work fine. During this stage, daylight bulbs which emit more blue spectrum light work best and will stimulate growth.
Peyote seedlings should be bright green. If they look red or orange in color, they are receiving too much light and should be moved away from the light source. If the seedlings begin to grow tall and skinny instead of short and round, they are not getting enough light and should be moved closer to the light source.
Introducing Natural Light
Once your peyote cactus is a few years old, you may choose to start introducing it to natural light. This will encourage your cactus to flower once it is ready. A bright window works well. If you will be placing your cactus outside, it should be placed in a partially shaded area or behind a shade cloth to avoid harsh direct sunlight.
To avoid burning your cactus, slowly acclimate it to the natural light by giving it only an hour or so a day at first and gradually increasing the amount of exposure. If the cactus begins to take on a red or purple hue, it is receiving too much sun and you should decrease the amount of exposure.
Although it is not necessary to give your peyote natural light, they will grow just fine for the entirety of their life under a grow light. If you choose to go this route, you may think about upgrading to a more powerful full-spectrum LED grow light at this point. Full-spectrum lights produce a blend of blue and red spectrum light. The red spectrum will encourage flowering. I personally prefer Spider Farmer grow lights. They use top-quality Samsung diodes and are an affordable option.
Dormancy
During winter, the days become shorter and the sun becomes less intense. This causes peyote to enter a dormant state. During this dormant state, they stop growing and producing flowers. However, it is not necessary for peyote to go through a dormant cycle. I keep my cacti growing all year by supplementing the weak winter sun with a grow light. As long as you give your cacti plenty of light and keep them warm, they will continue to grow and flower.
Conclusion
From the delicate seedling stage to the mature cactus, providing the right amount and type of light will ensure your peyote thrives. Whether you choose to rely on grow lights or gradually introduce natural sunlight, the key is careful observation and gradual adjustments.
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