Are your peyote cacti growing slowly? Peyote are notoriously slow growers in the wild, taking up to ten years (and in some cases longer) to mature and flower. When cultivated at home they mature much quicker, taking only two to three years to flower from seed. Of course, this is under ideal conditions and if these conditions are not met they will take significantly longer. This article will explore common mistakes that slow peyote growth and outline the optimal conditions for faster development.
Too Much Light
In the wild, peyote typically grow in shaded areas beneath shrubs. When exposed to full sunlight they may become sunburned causing them to grow slowly. Peyote that are actively growing will be bright green. If they take on a reddish tinge, they are receiving too much light.
When growing outdoors, use a shade cloth to avoid direct sun or keep them in a partially shaded area. If growing indoors under a grow light, be sure to hang the light at an appropriate distance. This is especially important during the seedling stage when the cacti are much more sensitive.
Not Enough Water
Peyote have adapted to withstand long periods of drought in the Chihuahuan desert. Although they can go long periods without water, they will grow much quicker when given more frequent waterings. But, too much water can cause the roots of the cactus to rot. The trick is to use proper soil and water as soon as the soil dries completely.
How will you know when the soil is completely dry? Your pots will be at their heaviest when freshly watered and at their lightest when the soil is dry. With a little practice you'll be able to gauge when the soil is dry and it's time to water.
Fertilizing
In their natural habitat, peyote grow in nutrient poor soil. They will grow fine at home without much fertilizer but will grow much slower without regular feedings. Nothing special is needed, a general cactus fertilizer like Schultz Liquid Cactus Food will work great. Use it with every watering at half strength for seedlings and full strength for mature cacti.
Temperature
Peyote are a desert cacti and thrive in warmer temperatures. They prefer temperatures between 70F and 90F. Temperatures below 70F will cause them to grow much slower, while temperatures above 90F will encourage things like fungus and mold. I find the sweet spot to be around 80F for optimal health and growth.
Frequent Transplanting
Peyote have a large downward growing taproot. If the growth of this root is inhibited, their growth may be stunted. It is important to frequently transplant them as they grow. They respond very well to being transplanted and often show the most vigor after being moved into a new pot with fresh soil. If your cactus seem to have stopped growing at any point, a transplant may be just what it needs.
Final Thoughts
Although peyote are a slow-growing cactus, they will grow much quicker when given proper care. Follow the tips in this article and your cacti will not only grow more quickly, but also much healthier. For a complete guide on growing peyote from seed to flower, please check out our Peyote Cactus Cultivation Course.